The microphone - a device that enables to convert sound into electrical signal and provides the primary link in the chain path, or sound recording. The microphone is a sensor on the relative (differential) pressure in the gas.
Types of microphones
Dynamic Microphone
Microphone Belt
Condenser microphones
Elektretny microphone (a kind of condenser microphone)
Carbon microphone
Pezomikrofon
Each microphone consists of two systems: acoustic and mechanical mehanoelektricheskoy.
Properties of acoustic-mechanical systems strongly depend on whether the impact sound pressure on one side of the diaphragm (the microphone pressure) or on both sides, while the second case of the symmetrical whether this effect (the pressure gradient microphone) or on one side of the diaphragm act fluctuations directly incite it, and the second - passed through a mechanical or acoustic impedance, or time-delay system (asymmetric microphone pressure gradient).
A great influence on the characteristics of the microphone has its mehanoelektricheskaya part.
In the beginning, the biggest spread the carbon microphone with coal powder Edison, which is still used in telephony. His is based on the change of resistance between the grains of the coal powder with the changing pressure in their totality.
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